Introduction to the Individualized Education Program and its Purpose The Individualized Education Program (IEP) stands as a foundational requirement under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in the United States, serving as the legally binding document that outlines specialized instruction, related services, and supports necessary for a student with a disability to benefit from […]
Introduction: The Psychological Context of National Assessments National assessments, typically standardized tests administered across an entire population of students or trainees, represent a critical intersection of educational policy, psychological measurement, and public opinion. The collective and individual attitudes held toward these assessments are not merely ancillary data points but profoundly influence their perceived validity, implementation […]