Amphetamine Stimulants: Use, Effects & Motives
Introduction to Amphetamine-Type Stimulants and Motivational Frameworks Amphetamine-Type Stimulants (ATS), encompassing substances such as amphetamine, methamphetamine, and related designer drugs like MDMA, constitute a class of highly potent psychoactive compounds that exert their primary effects by significantly modulating monoamine neurotransmitter systems, particularly dopamine and norepinephrine. Understanding the motivations underlying the initiation and continuation of ATS […]